Method of teaching: 2014

CBLT (Competency Based Language Teaching)

CBLT is an application of the principles of Competency-based Education (CBE) to language teaching.

CBLT a competency-based education in the field of language and life skills limited. CBLT not focus on just one skill alone, but smua skills in focus and in the best possible teaching. Because it is expected that students really have the language skills enough that he concentrates used for students to obtain a desired job.

Learning at this CBLT only focus on a field you want students to achieve. But great learning in this method is that, not only focusing only on children's basic level course, this applies to everyone who wants to work in a job that requires language skills.

The methods taught in accordance with the needs of the students. Select the first material to be taught. Then give and teach the materials according to their field.

In taking the value, use performance techniques. So students who have been taught it is recommended to practice what they get after a given material. This is to test whether students understand or master of the material that has been provided by the teacher.

To provide a test to the students, teachers make ongoing assessments. Before the study was given free test, after which students learn, then continued with the post-test after the study. All of this activity is done continuously ongoing.

One example, if students want to master the English language, to support the work that is to come, the main competencies that should be taught for the first time is the grammar, then proceed with the other competencies such as reading writing, and listening.

The weakness in this method in my opinion is, only students proficient in a field alone, because it only focuses on the field alone and when tested with a field other than the study, automated, students do not understand and do not understand at all.

The surplus is, students can master the subject area as a whole, ready to practice and work.

To date, this method is often used in vocational schools, such as STM. When they learn the English language, which will be taught competencies tailored to their majors. For example, they take the engine department, all of the material that is taught to them naturally associated with a machine. A good grammar, writing, reading and listeningnya. It is intended that they master the field they are studying. After that they were practice until they ready to work.

GTM (Grammar Translation Method)

Grammar Translation Method was a traditional method of learning. Here students are only required to memorize vocabulary as the application of this method. Then followed by translating words or sentences. All it aims to make students familiar with the words that they have encountered and improve their memory on a word.

Thus, students can master a range of vocabulary that they can practice apart at home and school. This method also aims to familiarize students are fond of the pen, as a more or less able students are required to do a variety of questions as a result of translation.

Step-by-step teaching with this method is that henceforth, teachers provide translation exercises assigned to students in the form of translated pages untuj which will be discussed at the next opportunity. Then the students also learn the rules of grammar together using vocabulary groups.

In this method teachers use their own language and are not required to use the target language, slowly giving the material that the students are more familiar with the language itself. This method is also more emphasis on reading and writing skills rather than listening and speaking.

The advantages of this method is very suitable to be used to train students' ability to write and read. Of little or a lot of students can understand what are the things that need to be written or not, by using good grammar.

Besides having over this method is also not immune from the shortage. This deficiency is that students are still accustomed to using their native language, and certainly lacking in the correct pronunciation of the word here to achieve fluency in speaking later.

If we look at the application of this method in everyday life has been good in the world of education. Often we find translating and memorizing vocabulary, not only for young learners course, but college level, this method is still used. Hopefully, this method can be useful and give birth to other methods that better support student learning.

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)

CTL (Communicative Language Teaching) is a communicative approach to language teaching. In communicative, here students are required to develop the potential in four languages, namely: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. This approach focuses on the communications that serve as the principle that good in communicating with students using their foreign language.

Communicative competence in this regard is to communicative with socially appropriate, not only capable of stringing sentences with a grammar guide.the approach process more use of enrichment in communicating experiences.

The purpose of the CLT is: students will learn to use language as a tool to express something, opinions, and judgments. As well as the students learn to express the functions most appropriate to communicate. The point is that contextual learning is a strategy used by teachers who are considered appropriate because it is always associated with the daily life of students.

Community Language Learning (CLL)

This approach is often called the humanities approach to language approach. This approach presents the atmosphere in such a way to create a situation that allows students to learn the language to communicate and interact with fellow students freely. This approach also focuses on the mind (cognitive) and feelings or effective ability students. Thus the student can receive all input from the outside into herself thoroughly.

TPR (Total Physical Response and Story Telling)

This method focuses on the hearing. The aplication of this method often use the tape as a sound source using native speakers as a source of response. It is based on how one's children learn their native language. Learning by using this method is to make a second language as the primary language learners. Essentially they will use their second language as possible as they use their own mother tongue.

In this method accustomed to listening to what the students are instructed by the teacher and try to understand it yourself and do it themselves when they understand. Here teachers are required to work hard in order to give clear instructions to the learners understand what the teacher instructed. For example, "Close the door!, Open the window, and others.

This approach is very interesting for me. The implementation of this method in education is also very helpful, because it will make the students better understand and get used to practices and understand some of the instructions. Techniques are often used, such as TPR dala Using Commands, Role Reversal, Action sequence, and so forth.

Natural Approach

This approach is the approach taken naturally to students, occurs naturally. This approach is not only the only approach, but used as a way of teaching that focuses on student pemehaman and meaningful communication aspects.

Learning model in this approach often used in education today. this is evidenced by the lesson plan that is often made by the teacher, in which there are measures such as learning, Apperception, Exploration, Elaboration, Classification and clossing.

Learning situations by using this method a relaxed affair. Teachers act as facilitators, organizator, creator of good learning atmosphere and interesting, and as the person in charge of the application of this method. Here teachers are required to tell a lot about a lot of things he knew, using pictures to help students to understand usually. Here, students only express their thoughts, opinions and their responses using the target language when they are ready to do so in atian they can speak.

Whole Language

Whole Language is an approach in which the study in this approach, the material presented intact. To apply the same emotion and should not be separated. Such as learning to read can be taught along with learning to talk.

In addition to learning the whole language approach presented can also help with other learning or connect. For example, English-social science. Here students will find that what they learn very meaningful and has a particularly strong link in the real world and surroundings.

The teacher's role here is as a facilitator and an obligation to the environment provide the student learning methodology to study well. Very good if the characteristic of the whole language can be realized. Among them is a lot of stuff printed student work hanging on the wall or around the room to learn them as posters. Then the corners of the classroom turned into a library with a wide variety of books are arranged on the table.

Cooperative Language Learning

Cooperative Language Learning is a learning strategy that is often used by teachers in all levels. In this strategy the teacher divides the students into groups with different abilities. Here students are required to not only understand the material taught in a teacher alone, but must be able to make other friends who can understand each other well and work together to solve a problem and to discuss the issue of learning at the time of completion.

Here all members of the group attempted to mutual benefit so that all group members can benefit from each other's friends efforts, realizing that all members of the group suffer the same fate, knowing that a person is determined by the achievements of others in group situations.

The advantage of this strategy is to increase belejer students and their academic achievement, improve student retention, increase student satisfaction with their learning experience, helping students to develop skills in oral communication, develop social keterlampilan students, increase their confidence and help positive relations of all students.

Content-Based Instruction

Content Based Instruction (CBI) is an approach that focuses on the material or content that is appropriate to the students' majors. This approach is particularly suitable for use by vocational schools or university level. Where this approach challenged students to pursue majors.

The application of the approach in this method is very simple, namely to play while learning in the learning process. Here, the motivation and interest is very important in supporting student success. When students are attracted to the material they are learning, they will create a better relationship between the topic, elaboration of the learning material and they can remember information better.

Multiple Intelligences

Intelligence is the ability to resolve or solve a problem or together with the ability to create new problems to be solved.

Multiple intelligence is very useful for teachers, because these teachers with Multiple intelligence can identify strengths and weaknesses of the students and provide opportunities for them to learn through the advantages they have.

The purpose of this method is to provide kesempatak to students to explore the world, working with their own abilities and develop their own abilities as well.

In the application of this method of teaching students are required to have the intelligence language, where students are required to be able to read, understand what is read, able to hear well, and provide a response in a verbal communication. Able to write and speak effectively. Here students are also required to be able to imitate sounds, learning a foreign language, arguing, clever submit a story, or make improvements on paper, and has a fairly extensive vocabulary.

The other intelligence is a must-have student naturalist intelligence, physical intelligence, visual, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and so on.

Portfolio

Portfolio is defined as large collection of the student assignment and grasp of competency which was determined for curriculum.

There some Typical of portfolio:

v Basic ideas about how learning takes place.

v Outline of learning.

v Discussion of relation.

v Documentation and analyze.

v Designed and complied.

v Contain written reflective statements.

There some learning process of portfolio:

v Self evaluation

v Individualized

v promote communication

v accountability

Peer teaching & Group dynamic

Peer teaching method is the technique of teaching material delivered through associates or friends help themselves. In this method, which the teacher has partner in teach the students.

For example, the first teacher teaches and evaluate from begins first day until mid test, and then the second teacher teaches and evaluate from after mid test until final test. This thing is do in order to in evaluete the student more effective. So, there is colaborate between one teacher with others.

The social process by which people interact face-to-face in groups is called group dynamics. Group dynamics involves the influence of personality, power, and behavior on the group process. In group dynamic, the teacher devide student’s group base on certain criteria. For example, the teacher chooses the member of group base on the color of veil, birthday, and much again. So, with like that in the group have many different intelligence and creative until produced effectively in work together.

Neuro-linguistics Programming

NLP is a model of excellence possessed by humans. Where this model provides a set of sophisticated techniques and attitude to use of the overall resources of mind, mental and physical protégé. NLP gives us the ability to adopt the ability of other people have (the same).

The point in this model students are required to be able to do the exact same thing that is done by native speakers to master a language.

Participatory Approaches & Gaming and simulation

Participatory approach is based on solving the learner’s problem in real life, using the target language as a tool this purpose. Learners bring their outside problems into class.

The goal of participatory approach is to help student to understand the social, historical or cultural forces that affect their lives, and then to help empower students to take action and make decision in order to gain control over their lives.

There two elements of participatory approach:

— Group work(discussion)

— Public speaking

Learning Strategy Training & Classroom management

Learning Strategy Training is when research observed that language teachers’ time might be profitably spent in learning training. Such suggestion led to the idea of learning strategy training. Training students in the use of learning strategies in order to improve their learning effectiveness.

Learning this strategy will improve student’s comprehension and the speed at which they read. When the students read the paragraph with skimming strategies (read quickly only to find out what the main idea of the text), they can’t use the dictionary.

Classroom management is a term used by teachers to describe the process of ensuring that classroom lessons run smoothly despite disruptive behavior by students. Classroom management more familiar with setting the classroom.

Problem Based Learning

PBL is a learning lesson that the starting point is a problem in real life and then of the problems that students are required to study the issue and is stimulated by the knowledge and experience they have to be established knowledge and new experiences. In the application of PBL small group discussions using highly recommended. Here the teacher acts as a facilitator.

Project Based Learning

In PBL students develop their own investigation with peer groups or individually, so students will automatically also develop their research capabilities. Here the students are actively involved in defining the problem, problem solving, decision making, and their investigative activities. They are required to realize the ideas and realistic resolution that they milliki.

There are several characteristics in PBL, including:

• Students are able to make their own decisions within a framework that has been determined to previous.

• Students attempted to solve the problem

• the students follow the design a process that will be pursued in the search for solutions.

• Students are encouraged to think critically, solve problems, collaborate and try a variety of forms of communication.

• Students are responsible for their own find and manage the information they collect.

• In the classroom atmosphere developed full tolerance to errors and changes, as well as to encourage the emergence of feedback or revisions.

• The PBL approach creates a learning environment in which students can construct their own knowledge.

Collaborative Learning

Here students are required to learn together, learning together solve a problem, and mutual resposiblelity with each other. People who engage in collaborative leaning utilizing existing resources and skill each other. More specifically, collaborative learning based on a model of learning where knowledge can be created in a population where members actively interact by sharing experiences and take on different roles.

Blended Learning and Role Playing

Learning Blended Basically this is a combination of learning excellence conducted face-to-face (direct). Blended learning is learning that is supported by an effective combination of means of delivery, teaching and learning style.

The advantage of this is that in addition to learning bleded as a combination of direct instruction (face-to-face), but also the existence of teaching between teachers and students. Pengajaranpun can be done online. Learning aims to achieve effectiveness in learning.

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Summarizes method of teaching